Weak Ties in Networked Communities     

Andrea L. Kavanaugh  Debbie Denise Reese  John M. Carroll  Mary Beth Rosson 《The Information Society》2005,21(2):119-131

Communities with high levels of social capital are likely to have a higher quality of life than communities with low social capital. This is due to the greater ability of such communities to organize and mobilize effectively for collective action because they have high levels of social trust, dense social networks, and well-established norms of mutuality (the major features of social capital). Communities with “bridging” social capital (weak ties across groups) as well as “bonding” social capital (strong ties within groups) are the most effective in organizing for collective action. People who belong to multiple groups act as bridging ties. When people with bridging ties use communication media, such as the Internet, they enhance their capability to educate community members and to organize, as needed, for collective action. This article summarizes evidence from stratified household survey data in Blacksburg, VA, showing that people with weak (bridging) ties across groups have higher levels of community involvement, civic interest, and collective efficacy than people without bridging ties among groups. Moreover, heavy Internet users with bridging ties have higher social engagement, use the Internet for social purposes, and have been attending more local meetings and events since going online than heavy Internet users with no bridging ties. These findings may suggest that the Internet—in the hands of bridging individuals-is a tool for enhancing social relations and information exchange, and for increasing face-to-face interaction, all of which help to build both bonding and bridging social capital in communities.  相似文献   

管理理论的困惑与创新   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  

冯英浚  王震  孟岩 《预测》2004,23(4):1-5

世纪之交，我国的管理正面临着十分严峻的挑战。本文通过分析目前困扰我国管理界的热点问题，指出管理理论创新是走出困境的关键，进而提出了要从动态变化角度建立适应时代要求的管理理论的全新思想，即要在动态变化中认识管理的作用，选择管理模式，度量管理的绩效，测算管理在经济增长中的贡献，并基于此给出了解决问题的具体思路与方法。  相似文献   

细化Intranet安全     

朱启坤 《情报杂志》2002,21(1):74-75

分析了利用防火墙将Internet接入Intranet模式的局限性及其存在的问题，提出了将Intranet中资源的安全要求深入细化的思想，即把资源分成不同级别，在各个级别中规定每种资源的访问权限，给出了相应的模型和实现方式。  相似文献   

Engendering Democratic Participation via the Net: Access, Voice, and Dialogue     

Nancy B. Kurland 《The Information Society》1996,12(4):387-406

Information technology in the form of the Internet and its commercial offspring (referred to in this article collectively as the Net) has received much attention as a vehicle to increase political participation. In this article, we explore the potential of the Net, a vast, loosely coupled system of electronic forums, for facilitating and hindering democratic participation. In so doing, we identify five assumptions that undergird the claim that the Net will enhance democratic participation and suggest that increased democratic participation rests on three fundamental characteristics: access, voice, and dialogue. In order for this network of electronic forums to facilitate democratic participation, educational, economic, and cultural barriers to access, voice, and dialogue must be overcome. The final part of this article raises additional challenges to realizing democracy via the Net.  相似文献   

青海气象网站信息数据库的开发应用     

李永花  王成国  赵冰燕 《青海科技》2003,10(6):49-50

本文概括了青海气象网站信息数据库的设计目标及主要开发思路，介绍了网站数据库的关键技术及主要功能。  相似文献   

走近中国自己的“数字图书馆”   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王纯 《情报科学》2002,20(5):467-470

什么是数字图书馆？不少读者甚至包括个别馆员由于缺乏对基本知识的了解，显得有些茫然。为此，图书馆有责任和义务向读者普及数学图书馆知识，引导读者近数字图书馆。  相似文献   

美国和欧盟的数据隐私保护策略   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

孙美丽 《情报科学》2004,22(10):1265-1267

Internet用户对数据隐私问题日益关注，对隐私的担忧是用户使用的主要障碍。有效的数据隐私保护对Internet产业的发展极为重要。本文对美国和欧盟的数据隐私保护策略进行了介绍，以期对我国的数据隐私保护起借鉴作用。  相似文献   

Researching Internet Communities: Proposed Ethical Guidelines for the Reporting of Results   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Storm A. King 《The Information Society》1996,12(2):119-128

Communication researchers and social scientists are quickly discovering the value of data that exists in the postings of members of Internet e-mail, Usenet, and real-time groups. The ability to communicate with one's peers, no matter how esoteric the interests, is causing an explosion in the number of new virtual communities. The interpersonal dynamics of these groups are increasingly coming under the scrutiny of academic research. The publicly available archived records of Internet virtual communities are being analyzed for a wide variety of research interests. The ability to do naturalistic observations of group dynamics, as they are exhibited in these exchanges of text, has captured the attention of many researchers. The institutional review boards of major universities are granting researchers exempt or expedited (exempt from full review) status for this work, due to the public nature of the notes being analyzed. These studies often involve the lack of informed consent, where the group members under study are unaware they are being monitored. There is a potential for psychological harm to the members of these groups, depending on the way results are reported. This article explores the ethical considerations that must be taken into account to protect cyberspace participants. The guidelines proposed are based on the American Psychological Association ethical guidelines for use of human subjects in research. An explanation is offered as to how such guidelines can best be applied to the study of Internet communities. The constructs of Group Accessibility (the public/private nature of the actual cyberspace occupied by a group) and Perceived Privacy (the level of privacy that group members assume they have) are defined and proposed as two dimensions by which individual Internet communities may be evaluated in order to assure the ethical reporting of research findings.  相似文献   

互联网上5个免费中国专利数据库的比较研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

蔡莉静  张魁军  姚新茹  曹丽娜 《情报科学》2003,21(7):773-775,784

本文对5个常用的免费中国专利数据库进行了比较，并结合检索实例指出了它们的异同，以便为读者正确选择和使用中国专利数据库提供参考．  相似文献   

论Internet环境下高校图书馆的信息服务     

胡莹 《情报杂志》2003,22(4):107-107,106

论述了Internet环境下高校图书馆的信息服务特点以及提高高校图书馆信息服务水平的方法。  相似文献